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You’ve likely heard before about methylation—a crucial biochemical process that keeps many of the body’s systems functioning in harmony. In recent years, research has increasingly highlighted a strong connection between impaired methylation and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In the following lines, I will explain this relationship and how we can manage it, even when genetic factors seem dominant. What Is Methylation? To put it simply, methylation is the process of transferring one carbon atom and three hydrogen atoms—known collectively as a methyl group—from one molecule to another inside the body. This small biochemical action powers countless essential functions, including: Cell division Gene expression The formation of DNA and RNA Nervous system development Immune cell development Neurotransmitter production Histamine regulation Detoxification (the body’s natural cleansing process) In short, methylation is a fundamental process that supports hormone balance, energy production, brain and emotional health, and toxin removal. When methylation slows down or becomes impaired, the body begins to struggle—affecting health in multiple ways. When it comes to autism, methylation plays a critical role in regulating nervous system function and communication between neurons. Impairment in this process may manifest as sensory, behavioral, or communication challenges. Put simply: when methylation is disrupted, the health of the mind, body, and emotions all become affected. A Quick Medical Insight Between 2000 and 2010, autism rates in children in the U.S. increased by more than 100%, and current statistics show that 1 in every 59 children born today will be diagnosed with ASD. https://www.cdc.gov/autism/data-research/?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/data.html Research shows that methylation plays a significant role in the development of autism symptoms. One of the main contributing factors is mutation in the MTHFR gene, along with the presence of folate receptor autoantibodies (FRAAs). The MTHFR Gene and Its Role The MTHFR gene produces the enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, which converts 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate into 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF)—the active form of folate. 5-MTHF is essential for proper methylation, meaning that its deficiency can impair biochemical processes and negatively affect brain function. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4241316/ Variations in the MTHFR gene, especially the C677T variant, reduce enzyme activity and lower 5-MTHF levels. Studies show that the T allele of this variant is more common in children with autism than in neurotypical children—suggesting a strong link between impaired folate metabolism, methylation dysfunction, and ASD. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21069446/ Folate Receptor Autoantibodies (FRAAs) FRAAs bind to the Folate Receptor Alpha (FRA) in the brain, preventing folate from entering. This causes cerebral folate deficiency, which weakens methylation and disrupts brain function. Research shows higher levels of these antibodies in children with autism. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27013943/ Because folate cannot enter the brain normally when FRAAs are present, it must be supplied through an alternative pathway. Folinic Acid can cross the blood–brain barrier with ease and has been shown to improve verbal communication in children with autism. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27752075/ Together, research indicates that providing both 5-MTHF and Folinic Acid can help correct methylation dysfunction and reduce autism-related symptoms. Genes Load the Gun… Environment Pulls the Trigger This is the essence of epigenetics. A genetic variant may be present, but environmental factors determine whether it becomes expressed. Factors that worsen methylation and heighten autism risk include: Poor diet Gut dysbiosis (imbalanced microbiome) Maternal infections during pregnancy Environmental toxins Reducing these factors creates an excellent opportunity for healing and improvement. Gut Dysbiosis Exciting new research shows that gut bacteria can influence gene expression epigenetically. Gut imbalance is extremely common in children with autism and ADHD. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4609101/ Restoring the microbiome through targeted antimicrobial therapy and high-quality probiotics may improve methylation and reduce symptoms. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5408485/ Diet and Nutrient Deficiencies Methylation requires several key nutrients including folate, riboflavin, vitamins B6 and B12, choline, betaine, zinc, and magnesium. Deficiency in these nutrients—especially in selective eaters—can significantly impair methylation. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3405985/ Western diets high in processed foods further reduce methylation capacity and impair brain function. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29372223/ Environmental Toxins: Heavy Metals & BPA Daily exposure to environmental toxins profoundly affects methylation and increases autism risk. Heavy metals and pollutants during pregnancy can alter DNA methylation and increase ASD risk. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4637446/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27287966/ BPA—found in plastic bottles, cans, packaging, and thermal receipts—also alters DNA methylation and is linked to higher autism risk. https://academic.oup.com/eep/article/2/1/dvv012/2464729 Why Testing Matters A functional methylation test helps determine whether genetic variants are affecting your child and how to address them. Because methylation is complex, working with an experienced specialist is essential. Self-treatment is often ineffective and costly. As I always say: Random supplementation leads to random results. Supporting Methylation in Children with ASD To improve methylation and reduce symptoms: Correct gut dysbiosis with medical or herbal antimicrobials Use high-quality probiotics and fermented foods Support the immune system—especially for women planning pregnancy Avoid environmental toxins during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and early childhood Simple steps include: Using high-quality water filters (see: Healthy Lifestyle Guide) Replacing plastic food containers with stainless steel or glass Avoiding thermal paper receipts Testing for heavy metal accumulation before pregnancy—especially if a previous child has ASD.